Cite sources to support your assertions. A good rule of thumb is the “says who?” rule—cite the source. Whenever the reader can ask “says who?” cite a source. There is always a space after a before and after & and p. or pp. and the page number and after a comma or semicolon. Use & in parentheses (Smith & Jones, 2010). Use and in the text—Smith and Jones (2010). The use of information from another source (whether quoted, paraphrased, or summarized) must be accompanied with an in-text citation (e.g., Thompson, 2010, p. #). Note: When you cite a specific part of a source (e.g. 90%, 500 girls, 2.8 million jobs), the number of the page, figure, chapter, etc. needs to part of the citation. A citation without a page number implies that the source has been read, sit aside, and a summary written without looking at the source---thus what is written is to general to be found in the document. In a citation page is abbreviated as p., and the words figure, chapter, table, and equation are not abbreviated. Common knowledge does not need a citation even if a reader has to look up the information. If an author(s) has more than one publication and you are citing more than one, give the name in alpha order by year of publication followed by the year of the first publication followed by a comma and then the year of the second publication. The surname is only listed once (Thompson, 1999, 2010). For first time citing use (Centers for Disease Control [CDC], 2009) and thereafter (CDC, 2009) for well know organizations. Do not use URL addresses for Internet sources in an in-text citation. Also, if you are making a statement that could warrant a different view, cite your source. Note: if you cite a reference after the last sentence in a paragraph, you are telling the reader that you are citing only the information in that sentence.
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May 2014
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